First Aid
When someone becomes ill or inured
those is usually a short period of line before you can get professional medical
assistance. It is that length of time that is mast critical to the victim. What
you do or don’t do during that period of time can make the difference between
life and death. By having some first aid
training you have a major impact to the successful out came of a medical
emergency.
If you injury is serious the injured
person should be treated by a doctor or nurse as soon as possible.
Does your
household or place of employment have a well stocked first aid kit? Keep your kit
in a location touts is well known to other family members or co-worker.
First Aid Supplies
Here’s a checklist for firs aid kit:
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A card giving general first aid guidance.
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Plastic bandages
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Adhesive bandages
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Sterile pads
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Antiseptic ointment
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Instant Ice packs
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Eye pads
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Bandage scissors
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Sponges
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First aid cream
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Butterfly bondage
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Burn bandage
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Surgical tape
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Scissors
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Tweezers
Report book to record all injuries
First aid boxes must be easily
identifiable and accessible in the work area. They should be in the charge of a
responsible person, checked regularly and refilled when necessary.
All establishments must have first
aid equipment and employees qualified in first-aid.
Shock
The signs of shook are faintness, sickness, clammy skin
and a pale face, hart beat is weak, breathing
is slow, blood pressure is reduce.
Shock should be treated by keeping
the person confinable, lying dawn and warm cover the person with a blanket or
clothing. But don’t apply hat water bottles. Don’t give the person anything to
drink.
Fainting
Fainting may occur after a long
period of standing in hot, badly ventilated kitchen. The signs of a faint are
whiteness giddiness and sweating.
A faint should be treated by raising
the legs slightly above the level of the head and, when the person recovers
consciousness, putting the person in the fresh air for a while.
Cuts
All cuts should be covered
immediately with a water proof dressing, keep the wound clean by washing the
area with mild soap and clean water and removing any dirt. Dry area gently with
a clean cloth and cover the cut with a protective bondage. Change the bondage
at least once a day.
When there is considerable bleeding
may be controlled by direct pressure, by bandaging firmly on the cut. It may be
possible to stop bleeding from a cut artery by pressing the artery with the
thumb pressure may be applied while a dressily or bandage is being prepared for
application but not for more than 15 minutes.
Then wrap the wand with a light
dressing and secure it with adhesive tape. Most bleeding can be controlled this
way.
Nose bleeds
Bleeding by nose
is common, especially during summers. Causes can range from local cause to
systemic diseases.
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Make the patient sit down with head forward
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Pinch the nose just below the bridge for about
10 minutes and ask the patient to breathe through his mouth and avoiding
speaking, swallowing or coughing.
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Cold compression can be given by using ice packs
over the nose area.
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If bleeding does not stop, repeat nose pinching
for another 10 minutes.
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If bleeding still does not stop, seek immediate
medical help.
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If bleeding stops ask patient to avoid blowing
nose.
Burns & Scalds
Burns are caused by dry heat and
corrosive substances. Scalds are caused by wet heat – hot liquids and
vapours. Burns can also be produced by excessive cold, and by radiation,
including the sun’s rays.
Serious Burns
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Move patients from the heat of fire.
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Move the patient in fresh air.
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Don’t allow crowding around the patient.
Ø Gently remove any jewellery,
watches, or constricting clothing from the injured area before it starts to
swell.
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Wash the effected parts with cold water.
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Apply any antiseptic cream( burnol)
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Take the patient to the doctor, preferably the
one approved for your unit, otherwise to the closest doctor you find.
For Minor Burns
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Immediately wash the effected area with cold
water.
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Apply the antiseptic cream
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Always inform the unit manager.
DO NOT remove anything sticking to
the burn; this may cause further damage and cause infection.
DO NOT touch injured area.
DO NOT break blisters, or interfere
with the injured area.
DO NOT apply lotions, ointments,
creams, or fats to the injured area.
Electric shock/inures
Switch off the current. If this is
not possible, free the person by using an insulating material such as cloth,
wood, rubber, Plastic, Taking care not to use the base hands otherwise the
electric shock may be transmitted. If the patient perspires, body is cold,
clammy and had low pulse:
Ø
Cover with a warm cloth( don’t touch the burnt
part)
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Take the patient to hospital immediately
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If berating has stopped, give artificial
respiration and send for a doctor.
Gassing
Don’t let the gassed person walk,
but carry them in to the fresh air. If
breathing has stopped apply artificial respiration and send for a doctor.
Artificial
Ventilation / Respiration / Mouth to Mouth
There are several methods of artificial respiration. The
most effective is mouth-to-mouth (mouth- to nose) and this method can be by
almost all age groups and almost all circumstances.
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